The point of this illustration is that the process of reasonings by wh. we discover that p ≡ ~(~p) is a tautology, is exactly the same by which we reason “if a–true implies b–false, etc..” The The point is: that the process of reasoning by wh. we
arrive at
get at
the result that a – b – a – p ˇ is the same symbol as a – p, is exactly the same as that by which we discover , as regards its meaning that its meaning is the same, viz. where we reason if b – apb – a then not apb, if a – b – ap then not b – apb, :. if a – b – ap. then apb.