Example

[“I have a peculiar feeling of pastness in my wrist”]
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6) “We shall never know whether he meant this or that”. [B|C] died after the training in that room. We say: “Perhaps he would have reakted like B when taken into the daylight. But we shall never know.
    α) We should say this question was decided if he arose from his grave & we then made the experiment with him. Or his ghost appeared to us in a spiritualist séanse & told us that he has a certain experience.
   β) We dont accept any evidence. But what if we didn't accept the evidence in 5 either & said somet (something like) “We can't be sure that [it|he] is the identical man who was trained in the room”, or: “he is the identical man but we can't know whether he would have behaved like this in the past time when he was trained.
7) We introduce a ˇnew notation for the expression: “If [A|P] happens then always (as a rule) [B|Q] happens. P didnt happen this time & so Q didn't happen” We say instead: “If P had happened Q would have happened”. E.g. “If the gunpowder is dry ˇunder these circumstances a spark of this strength explodes it. It wouldn't dry this time & under the same circumstances didn't explode” We say instead “If the gunpowder had been dry this time it would have exploded”. The point of this notation is that it nears the form of this preposition very much to the form: “The gunpowder
20.
was dry this time so it exploded” I mean the new form doesn't stress the fact that it did not explode but, we might say, paints a vivid picture of it exploding this time. We could imagine a ˇtwo forms of expression in a picture language which was corresponding to the two kinds of notations in the word language. The second notation would consist in actually painting a picture of the explosion. The second notation will be particularly appropriate ˇe.g. if we wish to give a person a shock by making him vividly imagine
that which
what
would have hapened, stressing only slightly that it hasn't didn't happened.
  8) Someone might say to us: “But are you sure that the second sentence means just what the first one means & not ◇◇◇ just something similar or ˇthat & something else as well? (Moore) I should say: I'm talking of the case where it means just this, if it's used in & this seems to me an important case (which you causede by saying what you have said). But of course I don't say that it isn't used in other ways as well & then we'll have to talk about these other cases separately.
  9) Someone says –“lowering ones voice some
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times means ¤
¤
that you whish to draw special attention to what you now say ¤
in other cases you lower your voice to show ¤
that what you say is less important than the rest.

  
It
We
must be clear that our examples are not preparations to the ◇◇◇ analysis of the actual meaning of the expression so & so Aut (Niquod) but giving them effects that “analysis”.   11Hab Have we now shown that to say ˇin 5 “We can't know whether he would have behaved … ” makes no sense? We should say
to say this sentence
the sentence
under these circumstances ˇhas lost
the
its
point which it would have had under other circs. but this doesnt mean that we can't give it another point.
  10) We say “We doncan't know whether this spark would have been sufficient to ignite that mixture; because we can't reproduce the exact mixture not having the exact ingredients or not having a balance to weigh them etc etc. But suppose we could reproduce all the circumstances & someone said “we can't know whether it would have exploded”
& being asked why he said because
as we can't know whether
under these circumstances it would have exploded then.” This answer would set our head whirling. We should feel he wasn't playing the same game with that expression as we do. We should be
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inclined to say “This makes no sense!” And this means that we are at a loss not knowing what reasoning, what actions go with this expression. Moreover we believe that he made up a sentence analogous to sentences used in certain lang. games but not noticing that he took the point awayt.
  In which case do we say that a sentence has point? That comes to asking in which case do we call something a language game. I can only answer. Look at the family of language games that will show you whatever can be shown about the matter.

  12) “We can never know what he really sees, for he has his own visual image & I have mine”. & we can't say